-
1 παρά
πᾰρά [pron. full] [ρᾰ], [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. also [full] παραί: shortd. [full] πάρ, in Hom., Lyr. (but rarely in Trag., in lyr. passages, A.Supp. 553, S.Tr. 636), and in all dial ects exc. [dialect] Att., GDI5434.8 ([place name] Paros), IG5(2).3.14 (Tegea, iv B. C.), Inscr.Magn.26.28 (Thess.), etc.:—Prep. c. gen., dat., and acc., prop.A beside: hence,A WITH GEN. prop. denoting motion from the side of, from beside, from:I of Place,πὰρ νηῶν ἔλθωμεν Il.13.744
;παρὰ ναῦφιν ἐλευσόμεθ' 12.225
, etc.;παρ' Ὠκεανοῖο ῥοάων.. ἐπερχομένη Od.22.197
;πὰρ νηῶν ἀπώσεται Il.8.533
, etc.;δῶρα π. νηὸς ἐνεικέμεν 19.194
;φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος π. μηροῦ 1.190
, cf. 21.173;σπασσάμενος.. ἄορ παχέος π. μηροῦ 16.473
; πλευρὰ παρ' ἀσπίδος ἐξεφαάνθη was exposed beside the shield, 4.468, cf. A.Th. 624.II commonly of Persons,1 with Verbs of going or coming, bringing, etc.,ἦλθε.. πὰρ Διός Il.2.787
;παρ' Αἰήταο πλέουσα Od.12.70
, etc.;ἀγγελίη ἥκει π. βασιλέος Hdt.8.140
.ά; αὐτομολήσαντες π. βασιλέως X.An.1.7.13
;ἐξεληλυθὼς παρ' Ἀριστάρχου D.21.117
; ὁ π. τινὸς ἥκων his messenger, X.Cyr.4.5.53; soοἱ π. τινός Th.7.10
, Ev.Marc.3.21, etc.;ὅστις ἀφικνεῖτο τῶν π. βασιλέως πρὸς αὐτόν X.An.1.1.5
, etc.; τεύχεα καλὰ φέρουσα παρ' Ἡφαίστοιο from his workshop, Il.18.137, cf. 617, etc.;ἀπαγγέλλειν τι π. τινός X.An.2.1.20
;σὺ δὲ οἰμώζειν αὐτοῖς παρ' ἐμοῦ λέγε Luc.DMort.1.2
.2 issuing from a person, γίγνεσθαι π. τινός to be born from, Pl.Smp. 179b; λόγος (sc. ἐστί) π. Ἀθηναίων c. acc. et inf., Hdt.8.55: freq. following a Noun, δόξα ἡ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων glory from (given by) men, Pl.Phdr. 232a; ἡ π. τινὸς εὔνοια the favour from, i. e. of, any one, X.Mem.2.2.12; τὸ παρ' ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα done by me, Id.Cyr.5.5.13; τὰ π. τινός all that issues from any one, as commands, commissions, Id.An.2.3.4, etc.; or promises, gifts, presents, Id.Mem.3.11.13; τὰ παρ' ἐμοῦ my opinions, Pl.Smp. 219a; παρ' ἑωυτοῦ διδούς giving from oneself, i. e. from one's own means, Hdt. 2.129, 8.5;παρ' ἑαυτοῦ προσετίθει X.HG6.1.3
; νόμον θὲς παρ' ἐμοῦ by my advice, Pl.Prt. 322d; αὐτοὶ παρ' αὑτῶν of themselves, Id.Tht. 150d, cf. Phdr. 235c.3 with Verbs of receiving, obtaining, and the like ,τυχεῖν τινος π. τινός Od.6.290
, 15.158;πὰρ δ' ἄρα μιν Ταφίων πρίατο 14.452
;ἀρέομαι πὰρ μὲν Σαλαμῖνος Ἀθαναίων χάριν Pi.P.1.76
;εὑρέσθαι τι π. τῶν θεῶν Isoc.9.14
, cf. IG12.40.10; δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν, ἁρπάζειν π. τινός, Th.1.20, X.Oec.9.11, Hes.Th. 914; ἀντιάσαι, αἰτήσασθαι π. τινός, S.El. 870 (lyr.), X.HG3.1.4;ἀξιοῖ π. τοῦ ἰατροῦ φάρμακον πιὼν ἐξεμέσαι τὸ νόσημα Pl.R. 406d
;κόσμος τοῖς πράξασι γίγνεται π. τῶν ἀκουσάντων Id.Mx. 236e
: without Verb,ὁ καρπὸς ὁ π. τῶν δημάρχων IG12.76.27
: with Verbs of learning, etc.,μεμαθηκέναι π. τινῶν Hdt.2.104
, etc.4 with [voice] Pass. Verbs,πὰρ Διὸς.. μῆνις ἐτύχθη Il.15.122
;π. θεῶν ἡ τοιαύτη μανία δίδοται Pl.Phdr. 245c
, etc.; τὰ π. τῶν θεῶν σημαινόμενα, συμβουλευόμενα, X.Cyr.1.6.2; τὰ π. τινὸς λεγόμενα ib.6.1.42; τὰ π. τῆς τύχης δωρηθέντα the presents of.., Isoc.4.26;με π. σοῦ σοφίας πληρωθήσεσθαι Pl.Smp. 175e
.III rarely for παρά c. dat., by, near,πὰρ ποδός Pi.P.10.62
, 3.60; παρὰ δὲ κυανέων πελαγέων dub. l. in S.Ant. 966 (lyr.);τὸν Ῥειτὸν τὸν παρὰ τοῦ ἄστεως IG12.81.5
; πολλοὶ παρ' ἀμφοτέρων ἔπιπτον, = ἀμφοτέρωθεν, D.S.19.42.B WITH DAT. denoting rest by the side of any person or thing, answering the question where?I of Places, κατ' ἂρ ἕζετ'.. πὰρ πυρί, ἔκειτο π. σηκῷ, Od.7.154, 9.319;νέμονται π. πέτρῃ 13.408
;ἑσταότες παρ ὄχεσφιν Il.8.565
; πὰρ ποσὶ μαρναμένων ἐκυλίνδετο at their feet, 14.411, etc.; π. θύρῃσι at the door, 7.346;π. ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης 2.773
;δεῖπνον.. εἵλοντο παρ' ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο Od.6.97
, cf. Il.4.475, 20.53, etc.;κεῖσθαι παρ' Ἅιδῃ S.OT 972
; παρ' οἴνῳ over wine, ib. 780, etc.II of persons, beside,πὰρ δὲ οἷ αὐτῷ εἷσε Θεοκλύμενον Od.15.285
;κεῖτο παρὰ μνηστῇ ἀλόχῳ Il.9.556
, cf. 6.246, etc.;παρ' ἀνδράσιν εὐνάζεσθαι Od.5.119
;δαίνυσθαι π. τινί 8.243
; πὰρ δέ οἱ ἑστήκει stood by him, Il.4.367.2 at one's house or place, with one,μένειν π. τισί 9.427
;θητευέμεν ἄλλῳ, ἀνδρὶ παρ' ἀκλήρῳ Od.11.490
;φιλέεσθαι π. τινί Il.13.627
; παρ' ἑωυτοῖσι at their own house, Hdt.1.105, cf. 86;παιδευθῆναι π. τινί X.Cyr.1.2.15
;καταλύειν π. τινί D.18.82
(butπαρά τινα καταλῦσαι Th.1.136
), etc.: hence οἱ παρ' ἐμοί those of my household, X.Mem.2.7.4, etc.; τὰ παρ' ἐμοί life with me, Id.An. 1.7.4; οἱ παρ' ἡμῖν ἄνθρωποι our people, Pl.Phd. 64b; ἡ παρ' ἡμῖν πολιτεία, ὁ παρ' ὑμῖν δῆμος, D.15.19; ὁ παρ' αὑτῷ βίοτος one's own life, S.OT 612;τὸ παρ' ἡμῖν πῦρ Pl.Phlb. 29f
; ;τὸ παρ' ἡμῖν σῶμα Pl.Phlb. 29f
; also, in one's hands,τὰ π. τοῖς Ἑλληνοταμίαις ὄντα IG12.91.6
;ἔχειν παρ' ἑωυτῷ Hdt. 1.130
, etc.; οὔπω παρ' ἐμοὶ τότ' ἦν λέγειν I had no right to speak then, Men.Epit.98.3 before, in the presence of,ἤειδε π. μνηστῆρσιν Od. 1.154
; before a judge,δίκας γίγνεσθαι π. τῷ πολεμάρχῳ IG12.16.9
;π. Δαρείῳ κριτῇ Hdt.3.160
;π. τῷ βασιλέϊ Id.4.65
;παρὰ δικασταῖς Th. 1.73
;εἰς κρίσιν καθιστάναι τινὰ π. τισί D.18.13
: hence παρ' ἐμοί in my judgement, Hdt.1.32, cf. S.Tr. 589, E.Heracl. 881, 1 Ep.Cor.3.19; π. τούτῳ μέγα δυνήσεται with him, Pl.Grg. 510e.4 in quoting authors, παρ' Ἐφόρῳ, παρ' Αἰσχίνῃ, π. Θουκυδίδῃ, in Ephorus, etc., Plb. 9.2.4, D.H.Comp.9,18.III Arc., = π. c. gen., from,καθὰ εἶχον τὰς ἰντολὰς π. τᾷ ἰδίᾳ πόλι SIG559.9
(Megalop., iii B. C.), cf. 558.10 (Ithaca, iii B. C.).C WITH ACCUS. in three main senses,I beside, near, by,II along,III past, beyond.I beside, near, by:1 with Verbs of coming, going, etc., to the side of, to,ἴτην π. νῆας Il.1.347
, cf. 8.220, etc.;βῆ.. π. θῖνα 1.34
, cf. 327, etc.; τρέψας πὰρ ποταμόν to the side of.., 21.603, cf. 3.187: more freq. of persons, εἶμι παρ' Ἥφαιστον to the chamber of H., 18.143, cf. Od.1.285, etc.;ἐσιόντες π. τοὺς φίλους Th.2.51
, etc.;φοιτᾶν π. τὸν Σωκράτη Pl.Phd. 59d
; πέμπειν ἀγγέλους, πρέσβεις π. τινά, Hdt. 1.141, Th.1.58, etc.;ἄγειν π. τινά Hdt.1.86
;καταφυγὴ π. φίλων τινάς Th.2.17
.2 with Verbs of rest, beside, near, by, sts. with ref. to past motion (expressed in such phrases asἧσο παρ' αὐτὸν ἰοῦσα Il.3.406
, cf. 11.577), , cf. 13.372; κεῖται ποταμοῖο παρ' ὄχθας lies stretched beside.., Il.4.487, cf. 12.381; παρ' ἔμ' ἵστασο come and stand by me, 11.314, cf. 592, 20.49, etc.;π. πυθμέν' ἐλαίης θῆκαν Od.13.122
;καταθέτω π. τὰ ἴκρια IG12.94.28
; κοιμήσαντο π. πρυμνήσια they lay down by.., Od.12.32, cf. 3.460;ὁ παρ' ἐμὲ καθήμενος Pl.Euthd. 271b
, cf. Phd. 89b; ἐκάθητο π. τὴν πύλην, π. τὴν ὁδόν, LXX Ge.19.1, Ev.Marc. 10.46;παρ' αὐτὸν τὸν καλέσαντα κατακείμενος δειπνῆσαι Thphr.Char. 21.2
, cf. Pl.Smp. 175c;ἐκαθέζετο π. τὸν Λύσιν Id.Ly. 211a
, cf. R. 328c;στὰς παρ' αὐτόν Id.Phd. 116c
;τέμενος νεμόμεσθα.. παρ' ὄχθας Il.12.313
, cf. 6.34, IG12.943.45;τοῦ Εὐρίπου, παρ' ὃν ᾤκει Aeschin.3.90
;κατελείφθη π. τὸν νηόν Hdt.4.87
;τὴν παρ' ἐμὲ ἐοῦσαν δύναμιν Id.8.140
.ά (v.l. ἐμοί); εἶπεν αὐτῷ μένειν παρ' ἑαυτόν X.Cyr.1.4.18
, cf. An.1.9.31, Ar.Fr. 451, Is.8.16, Alex.248, Demetr.Com. Nov.1.5, IG22.654.23 (iii B. C.), Plb.3.26.1, 11.14.3, 28.14.3;ἡ π. θάλασσαν Μακεδονία Th.2.99
, cf. S.El. 184 (lyr.), Tr. 636 (lyr.);Καρβασυανδῆς π. Καῦνον IG12.204.52
;τὸ κουρεῖον τὸ π. τοὺς Ἑρμᾶς Lys.23.3
, cf. And.1.62, Is.6.20, 8.35, Aeschin. 1.182, 3.88, Lycurg.112; (1).109 iii 146 (Epid.); παρ' ὄμμα before one's eyes, E.Supp. 484; π. πόδας on the spot, Phld.Ir.p.78 W., Rh.2.2 S.; immediately thereafter, Plb.1.7.5, 1.8.2, al.b [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Boeot., and Thess., = supr. B. 11.2, at the house of.., with a person, IG7.3171.7 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.), GDI 1717 (Delph.); παρ' ἁμὲ πολυτίματος [ὁ σῖτος] Ar.Ach. 759 (Megar.);τοῖς κατοικέντεσσι πὰρ ἀμμέ IG9(2).517.18
(Larissa, iii B. C.); τοῖ πὰρ ἀμμὲ πολιτεύματος ib.13;πεπολιτευκὼρ πὰρ ἁμέ Schwyzer 425.5
(Elis, iii/ii B. C.): so in [dialect] Att., θέμενος π. γυναῖκας depositing with.., Pl. R. 465c.3 with Verbs of striking, wounding, etc.,βάλε στῆθος π. μαζόν Il.4.480
, etc.;τὸν δ' ἕτερον.. κληῗδα παρ' ὦμον πλῆξε 5.146
;τύψε κατὰ κληῗδα παρ' αὐχένα 21.117
, cf. 4.525, 8.325, etc.; , cf. 17.310; δησάμενος τελαμῶνι π. σφυρόν ib. 290.4 with Verbs of placing, examining, etc., side by side with..,ὁ ἔλεγχος π. τὸν ἔλεγχον παραβαλλόμενος Pl.Grg. 475e
, cf. Hp.Mi. 369c, Smp. 214c, R. 348a; ;ἄλλα παρ' ἄλλατιθέμενα.. τῶν χρωμάτων Arist.Mete. 375a24
.b Geom., παραβάλλειν π. apply an area to (i. e. along) a finite straight line, Euc.1.44, Archim.Aequil.2.1;π. τὴν δοθεῖσαν αὐτοῦ γραμμὴν παρατείναντα Pl. Men. 87a
; ἡ [εὐθεῖα] παρ' ἣν δύνανται αἱ καταγόμεναι τεταγμένως the line to which are applied the squares of the or dinates, etc., Apollon. Perg.Con.1.11: hence,c Arith., παραβάλλειν τι π. τι divide by.. (v.παραβάλλω A.
VII. 2);μερίζω τι π. τι Dioph.4.33
; ἐπὶ γ π. ί multiply by 3 and divide by 10, PLond.5.1718.2 (vi A. D.).5 Geom., parallel to.., Democr.155, Arist. Top. 158b31, Archim.Sph. Cyl.1.12, al.6 metaph. in Gramm., like, as a parody of.., π. τὸ Σοφόκλειον, π. τὰ ἐν Τεύκρῳ Σοφοκλέους, Sch.Ar.Av. 1240, Nu. 584.b Gramm., of words which differ as compared with other words, π. τὸ τοῦ ἔρωτος ὄνομα σμικρὸν παρηγμένον ἐστίν.. [τὸ ἥρως] Pl.Cra. 398d, cf. 399a, Lg. 654a: hence, derived from.., π. τὸ ἔδαφος, δάπεδον, A.D. Pron.31.16; π. τὸ δρῶ δρᾶμα Sch.A.R.2.624;σύγκειται [τὸ αὐθέντης] π. τὸ εἷναι.. καὶ π. τὸ αὐτός Phryn.PSp.24
B.7 generally, of Comparison, alongside of, compared with, usu. implying superiority,δοκέοντες π. ταῦτα οὐδ' ἂν τοὺς σοφωτάτους ἀνθρώπων Αἰγυπτίους οὐδὲν ἐπεξευρεῖν Hdt.2.160
, cf. 7.20, 103;ἡλίου ἐκλείψεις αἳ πυκνότεραι π. τὰ ἐκ τοῦ πρὶν χρόνου μνημονευόμενα ξυνέβησαν Th.1.23
, cf. 4.6;τῶν ἁπάντων ἀπερίοπτοί εἰσι π. τὸ νικᾶν Id.1.41
;π. τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ὥσπερ θεοὶ ἄνθρωποι βιοτεύουσι X.Mem.1.4.14
;φαίνεται π. τὸ ἀλγεινὸν ἡδὺ καὶ π. τὸ ἡδὺ ἀλγεινὸν ἡ ἡσυχία Pl.R. 584a
, cf. Phdr. 236d, La. 183c, al.;εὐδαίμων μᾶλλον π. πάντας BCH26.332
([place name] Halae);προετέρει π. πάντας PSI 4.422.34
(iii B. C.): sts. implying inferiority or defect, ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν βραχύ τι παρ' ἀγγέλους a little lower than the angels, LXX Ps. 8.6; μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ὑστεροῦσι π. τὸν ἥλιον lag one day behind the sun, Gem.8.19; so perh. παρ' αὐτόν, ὑπὲρ αὐτόν (has passed the ball?) short of him, beyond him, Antiph.234; μέγα τοι ἡμέρα παρ' ἡμέραν γιγνομένη γνώμην ἐξ ὀργῆς μεταστῆσαι one day compared with another is important.., a day's delay makes a difference, Antipho 5.72; τί γὰρ παρ' ἦμαρ ἡμέρα τέρπειν ἔχει προσθεῖσα κἀναθεῖσα τοῦ γε κατθανεῖν; what joy has one day compared with another to offer, since it only brings us nearer to, or farther from, death (which is neither good nor evil)? S.Aj. 475; ὃς μὲν κρίνει (prefers) ἡμέραν παρ' ἡμέραν, ὃς δὲ κρίνει (approves)πᾶσαν ἡμέραν Ep.Rom.14.5
.8 with Verbs of estimating, to set at so and so much, hence π. = equivalent to.., ταρβῶ μὴ.. θῆται παρ' οὐδὲν τὰς ἐμὰς ἐπιστολάς set at nought, E.IT 732, cf. A. Ag. 229 (lyr.);παρ' οὐδὲν ἄγειν S.Ant.35
; π. μικρὸν ἡγεῖσθαι or ποιεῖσθαί τι hold of small account, Isoc.5.79, D.61.51;παρ' ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαί τινα X.An.6.6.11
; so with εἶναι, etc., παρ' οὐδέν ἐστι are as nothing, S.OT 983, cf. Ant. 466; ;οὐ π. μέγα ἔσεσθαι τὸ πταῖσμα Arr.An.1.18.6
; so perh. π. σμικρὰ κεχώρηκε have turned out of little account, have amounted to little, Hdt.1.120.b in Accountancy, without a verb, π. τὴν καταλλαγήν on account of κ., PHib.1.100.4 (iii B. C.).9 of correspondence, ὀφείλειν στατῆρα π. στατῆρα stater for stater (one to each of two creditors), BCH50.214 (Thasos, v B. C.);πληγὴν π. πληγὴν ἑκάτερον Ar.Ra. 643
; συνεῖναι ἑκατέρῳ ἡμέραν παρ' ἡμέραν stayed day for day with each, D.59.46; hence of alternation, ποιεῖσθαι ἁγνείας καὶ θυσίας δύο π. δύο, of four priests acting two and two alternately, BGU1198.12 (i B. C.); τοῦ καθημερινοῦ ἢ μίαν π. μίαν (sc. ἡμέραν) [πυρετοῦ] quotidian or tertian fever, ib.956.3 (iii A. D.): sts. without doubling of the Noun, παρ' ἡμέρην, opp. καθ' ἡμέρην, tertian, opp. quotidian, Hp.Aph.1.12; καθ' ἡμέραν, παρ' ἡμέραν, π. δύο, π. τρεῖς every day, every second day, every third (fourth) day, Arr.Epict.2.18.13; π. μίαν every second day, Plb.3.110.4; παρ' ἐνιαυτόν every second year, Plu.Cleom.15; παρ' ἔτος year and year about, Arist.GA 757a7; every second year, Paus.8.15.2; π. μέρος by turns (v. μέρος II. 2);ὁ ἀνὰ μέρος παρ' ἓξ μῆνας ὑπὲρ γῆν τε καὶ ὑπὸ γῆν γινόμενος Ἄδωνις Corn. ND28
; π. μῆνα τρίτον every third month, Arist.HA 582b4, cf. Plu.2.942e; but π. τρία [ἔτεα] prob. every fourth year, IG5(2).422 ([place name] Phigalea), cf. Arr.Epict. l.c.; ἕνα παρ' ἕνα παραλειπτέον every second one, Nicom.Ar.1.18; ἕνα π. δύο ([etym.] τρεῖς) every third (fourth) one, ibid.; παρὰ δ' ἄλλαν ἄλλα μοῖρα διώκει now one now another, E.Heracl. 611.10 precisely at the moment of, παρ' αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα flagrante delicto, D.18.13, 21.26;ἀποδώσω π. τὸν εὔθυνον τὸ καθῆκον IG12.188.31
; π. τοιοῦτον καιρόν, π. τὰς χρείας, D.20.41,46; π. τὰ δεινά in the midst of danger, Plu.Ant.63;π. τὴν πρώτην γένεσιν Jul.Or.1.10b
; π. τὴν πρώτην (sc. ἐπίθεσιν) at the first attack, Hld.9.2;π. γε τὴν πρώτην ὁρμήν Ael.NA14.10
.b distributively, whether of Time, π. τὰ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα in each complete period of seventy years, Hdt.1.32;ἐν ταῖς ὁδοιπορίαις π. στάδια διακόσια.. τοῖς ἑκατὸν σταδίοις διήνεγκαν ἀλλήλων X.Oec.20.18
; πὰρ Ϝέτος each year, every year, Tab.Heracl. 1.101;π. τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν ἕκαστον IG12(7).5.14
([place name] Amorgos); παρ' ἆμάρ τε καὶ νύκτα day and night, B.Fr.7; or more generally, πὰρ τὰν ἐλαίαν in respect of each olive plant, Tab.Heracl.1.122; παρ' ἡμέραν αἱ ἀμίαι πολὺ ἐπιδήλως αὐξάνονται from day to day, per day, Arist.HA 571a21;τὸ παρ' ἑκάστην βάσιν γινόμενον μικρὸν πολὺ γίνεται π. πολλάς Id.Pr. 881b26
;ἡ παρ' ἡμέραν χάρις D.8.70
;τὸ παρ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἡδύ Pl. Lg. 705a
.c παρ' ἆμαρ on (this) day, to-day, τὸ μὲν πὰρ ἆμαρ, τὸ δέ .. to-day and to-morrow, Pi.P.11.63; but παρ' ἦμαρ to-morrow, S. OC 1455 (lyr.).d throughout a period of time,π. τὴν ζόην Hdt. 7.46
;π. τὸν βίον ἅπαντα Pl.Lg. 733a
;π. πάντα τὸν χρόνον D.18.10
; also more loosely, during, π. τὴν πόσιν while they were drinking, Hdt.2.121.δ; π. τὸν πότον Aeschin.2.156
;π. τὴν κύλικα Plu.Ant.24
; π. δεῖπνον or π. τὸ δεῖπνον, Id.2.737a,674f.II along,ὄνος παρ' ἄρουραν ἰών Il.11.558
;βῆ δὲ θέειν π. τεῖχος 12.352
;π. ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο ᾔομεν Od. 11.21
;ἔπλεον π. τὴν ἤπειρον Hdt.7.193
;π. πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδόν Isoc.4.148
; ὀρθὴν παρ' οἶμον.. τύμβον κατόψει straight along the road, E.Alc. 835;παρ' ὅλην τὴν φάραγγα Plb.10.30.3
; παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν χαράδραν παραπορευομένων ib.9; for παραβάλλειν π., v. supr. c. 1.4b.2 strictly according to, without deviating from,εἶμι π. στάθμην ὀρθὴν ὁδόν Thgn. 945
, cf. S.Fr.474.5; ὠμοί τε δούλοις πάντα καὶ π. στάθμην, i.e. too strict, A.Ag. 1045; π. τὸν λόγον ὃν ἀποφέρουσιν.. ἐπιδείξω I will prove to you strictly according to the accounts which they themselves submit, D.27.34.III past, beyond,παρὰ σκοπιὴν καὶ ἐρινεὸν ἠνεμόεντα.. ἐσσεύοντο Il.22.145
, cf. Od.3.172, 24.12;βῆ δὲ π. Κρουνούς h.Ap. 425
; π. τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παριέναι pass by Babylon, X.Cyr.5.2.29; παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν χύτραν ἄκραν ὁρῶντες looking over the edge of.., Ar.Av. 390.2 metaph., over and above, in addition to,οὐκ ἔστι π. ταῦτ' ἄλλα Id.Nu. 698
;π. ταῦτα πάντα ἕτερόν τι Pl.Phd. 74a
, cf.R. 337d, D.18.139, X.HG 1.5.5; ἑκὼν ἐπόνει π. τοὺς ἄλλους more than the others, Id.Ages.5.3, cf. Mem.4.4.1, Oec.20.16;ἃ τῷ ῥαψῳδῷ προσήκει καὶ σκοπεῖσθαι καὶ διακρίνειν π. τοὺς ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους Pl. Ion 539e
.3 metaph., in excess over, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond one's strength, Il.13.787, cf. Th.1.70, Hyp.Lyc.16, Arist.Rh.Al. 1423b29;π. τὴν δ. Id.Po. 1451b38
.4 metaph., in transgression or violation of,π. μοῖραν Od.14.509
;π. μοῖραν Δίος Alc.Supp. 14.10
; παρ' αἶσαν, παρὰ δίκαν, Pi.P.8.13, O.2.16, etc.;π. τὸ δίκαιον Th.5.90
, etc.; π. τὰς σπονδάς, τὸν νόμον, Id.1.67, X.HG1.7.14;π. φύσιν Th.6.17
, cf. Pl.Lg. 747b; π. τὴν στήλην prob. in IG12.45.20; π. καιρόν out of season, Pi.O.8.24, etc.; π. γνώμαν ib.12.10, cf. A.Supp. 454; π. δόξαν, π. τὸ δοκοῦν ἡμῖν, π. λόγον, Th.3.93, 1.84, Plb.2.38.5; παρ' ἐλπίδα or ἐλπίδας, A.Ag. 899, S.Ant. 392, etc.; πὰρ μέλος out of tune, Pi.N.7.69;π. τὴν ἀξίαν Th.7.77
, etc.; π. τὸ εἰωθός, τὸ καθεστηκός, Id.4.17, 1.98.5 π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου, = παρῆλθε τοσοῦτον κινδύνου, passed over so much ground within the sphere of danger, i.e. incurred such imminent peril, Id.3.49, cf. 7.2; in such phrases the tmesis was forgotten, and the acc. came to be governed by παρά, which thus came to mean 'by such and such a margin', ' with so much to spare', ἐνίκησαν π. πολύ, ἡσσηθέντες π. πολύ, Id.1.29, 2.89, cf. Pl. Ap. 36a; παρὰ δ' ὀλίγον ἀπέφυγες only just, E.IT 870 (lyr.); ; δεινότατον π. πολύ by far, Ar.Pl. 445; παρ' ὅσον quatenus, Luc.Nec.17, etc.; π. δύο ψήφους ἀπέφυγε by two votes, Hyp.Eux.28, cf. D.23.205;π. τέτταρας ψήφους μετέσχε τῆς πόλεως Is.3.37
; π. τοσοῦτον ἐγένετο αὐτῷ μὴ περιπεσεῖν by so much (= little) he missed falling in with.., Th.8.33; π. πέντε ναῦς πλέον ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἢ τρεῖς ὀβολοὶ ὡμολογήθησαν ib.29; οὐ π. μικρὸν ἐποίησαν they made no little difference, Isoc.4.59.b in phrases like π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου, τοσοῦτον was sts. understood of the interval from danger, etc., and παρά came to mean 'by so much short of' (τὸ π. μικρὸν ὥσπερ οὐδὲν ἀπέχειν δοκεῖ Arist.Ph. 197a29
), within such and such a distance of, so near to, τὴν Ἠϊόνα π. νύκτα ἐγένετο (sc. αὐτῷ) λαβεῖν he was within one night of taking E., Th.4.106; π. μικρὸν ἦλθον ἀποθανεῖν I came within a little of.., Isoc. 19.22, cf. Plb.1.43.7, Plu. Caes. 39; παρ' ἐλάχιστον ἦλθε.. ἀφελέσθαι was within an ace of taking away, Th.8.76; παρ' οὐδὲν μὲν ἦλθον ἀποκτεῖναι (were within a mere nothing, within an ace of killing him),ἐξεκήρυξαν δ' ἐκ πόλεως Aeschin. 3.258
, cf. Plu.Pyrrh. 14, Alex.62; π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε διαφυγεῖν so near he came to escaping, Luc.Cat.4; ;παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθόντες τοῦ ἀποβαλεῖν Plb.1.45.14
, cf. 2.55.4, D.S.17.42: hence without ἐγένετο or ἐλθεῖν, π. μίαν μονάδα (less) by one, i.e. less one, Nicom.Ar.1.8; τεσσαράκοντα π. μίαν, = 39, 2 Ep.Cor.11.24; παρ' ἕνα τοσοῦτοι the same number less one, Plu. Publ.9; σύ μοι παρ' ἕνα ἥκεις ἄγων you have brought me one too few, Luc.Cat.4;δύναται π. δύο συλλαβὰς εἶναι τὸ καταληκτόν Heph.4.2
; τὰ ὁλοκόττινα ηὑρέθησαν π. ἑπτὰ κεράτια seven carats short, PMasp.70.2 (vi A. D.); πάντες παρ' ἕνα, πάντες παρ' ὀλίγους, all save one (a few), Plu.Cat.Mi.20, Ant.5;ἔτη δύο π. ἡμέρας δύο IG5(1).801
([place name] Laconia); of one Μάρκος, θηρίον εἶ π. γράμμα you are a bear ([etym.] ἄρκος) all but a letter, AP11.231 (Ammian.); ὡς π. τι καὶ τὰς ὄψεις ἀφανίσαι so that he all but (lit. less something) lost his sight, Vett.Val.228.6; π. τι βυθίζεσθαι v.l. in Ev.Luc.5.7; τὸ π. τοῦτο the figure less that, i.e. the remainder or difference, PTeb.99.10 (ii B. C.), cf. POxy.264.4 (i A. D.), PAmh.2.148.5 (v A. D.); hence of any difference whether of excess or defect, οὐδὲν π. τοῦτο ποιούμενοι τοὺς.. Λευκανούς τε καὶ τοὺς.. Σαυνίτας making no difference between.., Str.6.1.3, cf. 14.5.11, Plu.2.24c.6 hence of the margin by which anything increases or decreases, and so of the cause according to which anything comes into existence or varies,τὸ εὖ π. μικρὸν διὰ πολλῶν ἀριθμῶν γίνεται Polyclit.2
(cf. μικρός III. 5 c); διαφέρει π. τὰς τῶν παθημάτων ἐναντιώσεις according to.., Arist.HA 486b5;μεταπίπτει π. τὰ κλίματα Gem. 5.29
, cf. 11.5, al.; π. τὰ πράγματα cj. in Apollod.Car.11.7 more generally of the margin by which an event occurs, i.e. of the necessary and sufficient cause or motive (τὸ μὴ π. τοῦτο γίνεσθαι τότε λέγομεν, ὅταν ἀναιρεθέντος τούτου μηδὲν ἧττον περαίνηται ὁ συλλογισμός Arist.APr. 65b6
, cf. 48a24, al.), κεινὰν π. δίαιταν just for the sake of unsatisfying food, Pi.O.2.65; ἕκαστος οὐ π. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέλειαν οἴεται βλάψειν each thinks that his own negligence will not suffice to cause injury, Th.1.141, cf. Isoc.3.48; π. τὴν αὑτοῦ ἁμαρτίαν all through his own fault, Antipho 3.4.5, cf. Isoc.6.52, D.4.11, 18.232; πολλὰ.. ἐστιν αἴτια τούτων, καὶ οὐ παρ' ἓν οὐδὲ δύ' εἰς τοῦτο τὰ πράγματ' ἀφῖκται not from one or two causes only, Id.9.2; οὐ π. τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστι it does not follow that it is not.., 1 Ep.Cor.12.15; π. τὸ τὴν ἀρίθμησιν ποιήσασθαι ἐξ ἑτοίμου τοὺς ἐργώνας οὐκ ὀλίγα χρήματα περιεποίησε τῇ πόλει by the simple fact of prompt payment, IPE12.32B35 (Olbia, iii B. C.); , cf. Plb.3.103.2, 18.28.6, al.; οὐδεὶς παρ' ἑαυτόν ἐστι βασιλεύς thanks to himself alone, Aristeas 224;παρ' αὑτὸν ἀτυχεῖ Arr.Epict.3.24.2
, cf. Phld.Rh.2.16 S.;παρ' ἡμᾶς ἡ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀπόστασις Hierocl. in CA25p.477M.
; εἶναι π. τοῦτο σωτηρίαν τε πόλει καὶ τοὐναντίον, i.e. on this depends.., Pl.Lg. 715d, cf. X.Eq.Mag.1.5, D.C.Fr.36.5;π. μίαν ἡμέραν καὶ ἓν πρᾶγμα καὶ ἀπόλλυται προκοπὴ καὶ σῴζεται Epict.Ench.51.2
; π. τὸ Ἕλληνά με εἶναι just because I am a Greek, UPZ7.13 (ii B. C.);π. τὸ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτὸν αὐτήν LXX Ge.29.20
, cf. Ex.14.11; later more loosely, because of.., Phld.Rh.1.158 S., Gem.6.24, etc.; οὐδὲν π. σὲ γέγονε it is no fault of yours, PRyl.243.6 (ii A. D.), cf. POxy.1420.7 (ii A. D.).8 of a limit of possibility,εἴπερ ἐνεδέχετο π. τοὺς παρόντας καιρούς D.18.239
; πεῖσαι τό γε παρ' αὑτόν to persuade (the judges) so far as in you lies, Arr.Epict.2.2.20; οἴμωζε παρ' ἐμέ as far as I am concerned, for all I care, Ar.Av. 846.D POSITION: παρά may follow its Subst. in all three cases, but then becomes by anastrophe πάρα: when the ult. is elided, the practice varies,τῇσι παρ' Il.18.400
; but Ἡφαίστοιο πάρ' ib. 191.F πάρα (with anastrophe) stands for πάρεστι and πάρεισι, Il.1.174, Hes.Op. 454, A.Pers. 167, Hdt.1.42, al., S.El. 285, Ar.Ach. 862, etc.G IN COMPOS.,I alongside of, beside, of rest, παράκειμαι, παράλληλοι, παρέζομαι, πάρειμι (εἰμί), παρίστημι; of motion, παραπλέω, πάρειμι ([etym.] εἶμι).II to the side of, to, παραδίδωμι, παρέχω.IV metaph.,2 of comparison, as in παραβάλλω, παρατίθημι.3 of alteration or change, as in παραλλάσσω, παραπείθω, παραπλάσσω, παρατεκταίνω, παραυδάω, παράφημι.4 of a side-issue, παραπόλλυμι. (Cogn. with Goth. faúr 'along', Lat. por-.) -
2 κῆτος
A any sea-monster or huge fish,δελφῖνάς τε κύνας τε καὶ εἴ ποθι μεῖζον ἑλῃσι κῆτος Od.12.97
, cf. 5.421, Il.20.147, Mosch.2.116; of seals, Od.4.446, 452; of the monster to which Andromeda was exposed, E.Fr. 121, cf. Ar.Nu. 556, Th. 1033; of the tunny, Archestr. Fr.34.3.II name of a constellation, Arat.354, Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.20. -
3 ἐμπίπτω
ἐμπίπτω, [tense] fut. - πεσοῦμαι: [tense] aor. ἐνέπεσον, [dialect] Ep. ἔμπεσον (v. infr.): lyr. [tense] aor.Aἔμπετες Pi.P.8.81
:— fall in or on, c. dat.,τρύφος ἔμπεσε πόντῳ Od.4.508
;ὁ δ' ὕπτιος ἔμπεσε πέτρῃ Il.4.108
; ἐν δ' ἔπεσ' ὠκεανῷ, of the Sun, 8.485; πῦρ ἔμπεσε νηυσίν fire fell upon them, 16.113;αὐχένι.. ἔμπεσεν ἰός 15.451
, cf. 624; withἐν, ὡς δ' ὅτε πῦρ.. ἐν ἀξύλῳ ἐμπέσῃ ὕλῃ 11.155
;κεραυνοὶ αὐτοῖσι ἐνέπιπτον Hdt.8.37
; ἐμπέσοι γέ σοι (sc. ὁ πύργος) Ar.Pl. 180, etc.: abs., ῥύμῃ ἐ. Th.2.76, cf. Hdt.1.34: c. gen.,ὠκεανοῖο Arat.635
.b Geom., meet, of a line meeting another, Euc. 1 Post.5, etc.; to be placed,ἐὰν εἰς τὸν κύκλον εὐθεῖα ἐμπέσῃ Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.9
; ἡ ἐμπεσοῦσα ibid.c of a dislocated limb, fall into place, Hp.Art.8.2 fall upon, attack,ἐν δ' ἔπεσον προμάχοις Od.24.526
, cf. Il.16.81; ;τοῖς πολεμίοις X.Eq.Mag.8.25
, etc.; ἐμπεσόντες having fallen on them, Hdt. 3.146, cf. 7.16.ά: metaph., insult,ἄλλοισι δ' ἐμπίπτων γελᾷ Pi.I.1.68
; so,3 of evils, diseases, etc., fall on one, attack,κακὸν ἔμπεσε οἴκῳ Od.2.45
;λὺγξ τοῖς πλέοσιν ἐνέπιπτε κενή Th.2.49
;νόσημα ἐμπέπτωκεν εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα D.19.259
;πρὶν ἐμπεσεῖν σπαραγμόν S. Tr. 1253
; ὕπνος ἐ. Pl.Ti. 45e: of passions, of frames of mind, χόλος, δέος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ, Il.9.436, 17.625; ;Ἔρως, ὃς ἐν κτήμασι πίπτεις S.Ant. 782
(lyr.);ἐμοὶ.. οἶκτος Id.Ph. 965
; ;μὴ λύσσα τις ἡμῖν ἐμπεπτώκοι X.An.5.7.26
;ἔλεος ἐμπέπτωκέ τίς μοι Philippid.9.1
; ἐ. εἰς .., Hdt.7.43, E.IA 443, Th.2.48 codd., Lys.1.18, etc.: rarely c.acc.,οὐδείς ποτ' αὐτοὺς.. ἂν ἐμπέσοι ζῆλος S.OC 942
;ἐμπέπτωκ' ἔρως.. Ἑλλάδα E.IA 808
.b of words, καί μοι ἔπος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ came into my mind, Od.12.266; λόγος ἐμπέπτωκεν ἀρτίως ἐμοί came to my ears, S.OC 1150; κἂν περὶ ἀνδρῶν γ' ἐμπέσῃ λόγος τις a report arose, Ar.Lys. 858, cf. Pl.R. 354b, Lg. 799d, Thphr.Char.2.2; so τόποι ἐμπίπτοντες available, suitable topics, Hermog.Prog.7, etc., cf. Ph.1.179.4 light or fall upon, πρὶν ἁλίῳ γυῖον ἐμπεσεῖν before his body was exposed to the sun, Pi.N.7.73; [θηρία] ἐμπίπτοντα ταῖς ὄψεσι Hdn.3.9.5
; also εἰς τὴν ὄψιν, εἰς τὴν αἴσθησιν, Pl.Ti. 67d, R. 524d.b fall into,ἐ. ἐν ἀπορίᾳ Id.Euthd. 293a
;ἐπὶ συμφορήν Hdt. 7.88
; more freq.ἐ. εἰς.., ἐ. εἰς ἄτας S.El. 216
(lyr.);εἰς βάρβαρα φάσγανα E.Hel. 864
;εἰς ἐνέδραν X.Cyr.8.5.14
;εἰς ἔρωτα Antiph.235.3
; ;εἰς ὑποψίας Id.2.2.3
;εἰς φαῦλον σκέμμα Pl.R. 435c
;εἴς τινα βυθὸν φλυαρίας Id.Prm. 130d
;εἰς πράγματα D. 18.292
; ἐ. εἰς τὰ πεπραγμένα, in speaking, come upon the exploits, ib.211; εἰς λόγους ib.42, cf. 59.5 τῷ ἀκοντίῳ ἐ. τῷ ὤμῳ throw oneself on the javelin with one's shoulder, i.e. to give all one's force to the throw, Hp.Aër.20.6 break in, burst in, ; ;εἰς τὴν θύραν κριηδόν Ar.Lys. 309
; intrude,εἰς τὸ ἀρχεῖον Arist.Pol. 1270b9
: abs., A.Ag. 1350; ἐμπεσών violently, rashly, Hdt.3.81.7 εἴς τι fall within the province of, Pl.Tht. 205d;εἰς τὰς εἰρημένας αἰτίας Arist.Metaph. 986a15
, cf.Rh. 1401b29, Ph. 196b9;εἰς ἄλλο πρόβλημα Id.Pol. 1268b25
.b of income, εἰς τὸν λόγον τινὸς ἐ. PLille 16.5 (iii B.C.), cf. POxy.494.21 (ii A.D.).c of suits, come before,εἰς δικαστῶν πλῆθος Arist.Pol. 1300b35
, cf. Plu. Sol.18.8 ἐ. εἰς δεσμωτήριον to be thrown into prison, Din.2.9, cf.D.25.60(abs., get into prison, Luc.Tox.28);εἰς ζήτρειον Eup.19
D.; soἐ. εἰς τὸν Τάρταρον Pl.Phd. 114a
: Com.,εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν Com.Adesp. 9D.
9 of circumstances, happen, occur, Paus.7.8.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐμπίπτω
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4 θεωρέω
θεωρέω impf. ἐθεώρουν; 1 aor. ἐθεώρησα, 1 aor. pass. ἐθεωρήθην (Aeschyl., Hdt.+).① to observe someth. with sustained attention, be a spectator, look at, observe, perceive, see (w. physical eyes) abs. (2 Macc 3:17) Mt 27:55; Mk 15:40; Lk 14:29; 23:35 (cp. Ps 21:8). οἱ θεωροῦντες AcPl Ha 1, 34. W. indir. quest. foll. Mk 12:41; 15:47. W. acc. foll. τινά J 6:40; 12:45; 14:19a; 16:10, 16f, 19; Ac 3:16; 25:24; Rv 11:11f; 1 Cl 16:16 (Ps 21:8); 35:8 (Ps 49:18). W. acc. of pers. and a ptc. (TestSol 20:6; JosAs 4:2; Just., D. 101, 3) Mk 5:15; Lk 10:18; 24:39; J 6:19, 62; 10:12; 20:12, 14; 1J 3:17. W. acc. of pers. and ὅτι J 9:8. τὶ someth. (X., Cyr. 4, 3, 3; TestSol 19:2 τὸν ναόν; Jos., Ant. 12, 422) Lk 21:6; 23:48. πνεῦμα a ghost 24:37.—J 2:23; 6:2; 7:3. ἔν τινί τι see someth. in someone: the whole church in the envoys IMg 6:1; cp. ITr 1:1. W. acc. of thing and ptc. foll. J 20:6; Ac 7:56; 8:13; 10:11; 17:16. W. ἀκούειν Ac 9:7 (Apollon. Rhod. 4, 854f: when a deity [in this case Thetis] appears, only those who are destined to do so can see and hear anything; none of the others can do so). θεωρεῖν καὶ ἀκούειν ὅτι 19:26.—Pass. was exposed MPol 2:2.—Rather in the sense view (Cebes 1, 1 ἀναθήματα) τὸν τάφον Mt 28:1.—Catch sight of, notice Mk 3:11. τὶ someth. θόρυβον 5:38. W. ὅτι foll. Mk 16:4.—The expr. see someone’s face for see someone in person is due to OT infl. (cp. Jdth 6:5; 1 Macc 7:28, 30) Ac 20:38.② to come to the understanding of someth., notice, perceive, observe, findⓐ esp. on the basis of what one has seen and heard τὶ someth. (Apollod. Com., Fgm. 14 K. θ. τὴν τοῦ φίλου εὔνοιαν=‘become aware of the friend’s goodwill by the actions of the doorkeeper and the dog’; Sallust. 4 p. 4, 24 τὰς οὐσίας τ. θεῶν θ.=perceive the true nature of the gods; τὰ ἀδικήματα ὑμῶν En 98:7; τὰ πράγματα Just., A II, 10, 4; τὸ θεῖον … νῷ μόνῳ καὶ λόγῳ θεωρούμενον; Ath. 4, 1) Ac 4:13. W. acc. of the thing and ptc. (EpArist 268) 28:6. W. acc. of the pers. and predicate adj. (cp. Diod S 2, 16, 8) δεισιδαιμονεστέρους ὑμᾶς θ. I perceive that you are very devout people Ac 17:22. W. ὅτι foll. (2 Macc 9:23) J 4:19; 12:19. Foll. by ὅτι and inf. w. acc. (B-D-F §397, 6; Mlt. 213) Ac 27:10. W. indir. quest. foll. 21:20; Hb 7:4.ⓑ of the spiritual perception of the one sent by God, which is poss. only to the believer (s. Herm. Wr. 12, 20b; En 1:1 al.; Philo, e.g. Praem. 26) see J 14:17, 19b; cp. also 17:24 (θ. τὸν θεόν Theoph. Ant. 1, 2 [p. 60, 25]).ⓒ undergo, experience θάνατον (OT expr.; cp. Ps 88:49; also Lk 2:26; Hb 11:5; s. ὁράω A3) J 8:51 (εἶδον v.l.).—HKoller, Theoros u. Theoria: Glotta 36, ’58, 273–86; RRausch, Theoria ’82. DELG s.v. θεωρός. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
5 εὐεπίθετος
εὐεπί-θετος, ον,A easy to set upon or attack, τινι Th.6.34, D.C.50.32 ([comp] Comp.);τόποι Plb.4.19.12
; εὐεπίθετον ἦν.. τοῖς πολεμίοις was easy for them to make an attack, X.An.3.4.20 (but εὐ. τοῖς ἐχθροῖς exposed to assault by.., Antip.Stoic.3.255);εὐ. ὁ μεθύων Arist.Pol. 1314b34
;εὐ. τοῖς.. ἀμφισβητητικοῖς Pl.Plt. 306a
. Adv. εὐεπιθέτως, ἔχειν to be exposed, Aen.Tact.23.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὐεπίθετος
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6 πρόκειμαι
A to be set before one, ὀνείαθ' ἑτοῖμα προκείμενα the meats laid ready, Il.9.91, al.; π. δαίς, δεῖπνον, Hdt.1.211, 5.105;τὰ π. ἀγαθά Id.9.82
; ἄρτοι προκείμενοι shew-bread, LXX Ex.39.18 (36); τράπεζα π. ib.38.9 (37.10).2 lie exposed,ὁρέω παιδίον προκείμενον Hdt.1.111
; of a tuft of wool, S.Tr. 702; ἄτιμος ὧδε πρόκειμαι, says Ajax of himself, Id.Aj. 427 (lyr.), cf. E.Tr. 1179;νομίζετε τὸν παῖδα τουτονὶ ἱκετηρίαν ὑμῖν προκεῖσθαι D.43.83
; esp. lie dead, A.Th. 964 (lyr.), S.Aj. 1059; προκείμενον νέκυν laid out for burial, E.Alc. 1012, cf. S.Ant. 1101, Ar.Ec. 537, Av. 474, Antipho 6.34, Luc.Luct.12; opp. ἐξενεχθείς, Lys.Fr.23 (also, to be buried first, IGRom.4.735 ([place name] Eumenia), MAMA4.357 (ibid., iii A.D.)): metaph., πρὸς ὕβριν π. to be exposed to.., D.S.33.15 (dub.l.).3 to be set before competitors, as the prize of a contest,τοῖσι.. προὔκειτο μέγας τρίπος Hes.Sc. 312
: hence,b metaph., to be set before one, proposed, γνῶμαι τρεῖς προεκέατο three opinions were set forth, Hdt.3.83, cf. 7.16.α'; τοσούτων πέρι σκέψις πρόκειτα Pl.R. 533e
, cf. Phdr. 237c; π. τῷ συμβουλεύοντι σκοπὸς τὸ συμφέρον is proposed as a mark, Arist. Rh. 1362a17; ἡ προκειμένη ξυμμαγία the alliance which naturally offers, Th.1.35; freq. of contests,πόνος τε καὶ ἀγὼν ἔσχατος ψυχῇ π. Pl.Phdr. 247b
, cf.La. 182a;καταγέλαστον.., ὃ πάλαι πρόκειται, τοῦτο πάλιν προτιθέναι Id.Euthd. 279d
; to be extant,προοίμια π. Id.Lg. 722e
; freq. in part., ὁ προκείμενος ἄεθλος the task set, Hdt.1.126, 4.10, cf. A.Pr. 259, 755;ἀγῶνος μεγίστου π. Hdt.9.60
;ἆθλα π. Lys.1.47
, X.Cyr.2.3.2, etc.;τὸν π. πόνον E.Alc. 1149
;ἔχειν ἔργον π. Pl.R. 407a
; τὰ προκείμενα, opp. μέλλοντα, S.Ant. 1334, cf. E.Rh. 984; soξυμφορᾶς προκειμένης Id.Alc. 551
; τὸ π. ἐν τῷ λόγῳ or τὸ π., the question under discussion, Pl.Grg. 457d, La. 184c, etc.; τὸ π. πρῆγμα the matter in hand, Hdt. 1.207: impers., περὶ σωτηρίας προκειμένου when the question is concerning safety, Ar.Ec. 401;πρόκειται ἡμῖν ζητεῖν Luc.Par.54
, cf. D.H. Rh.7.5.4 to be set forth, settled, prescribed, appointed, (lyr.);π. σημήϊα Hdt.2.38
; αἱ προκείμεναι ἡμέραι the prescribed days, ib.87; ;ἀναγκαίη π. Id.1.11
; τὸ θανεῖν.. πᾶσι πρόκειται prob. in IG12(1).146 ([place name] Rhodes); of laws,νόμους ὑπερβαίνουσα τοὺς π. S.Ant. 481
; of punishments,στέρεσθαι κρατὸς ἦν προκείμενον A.Pers. 371
;φόνον π. δημόλευστον S.Ant.36
;πολλῶν [ἁμαρτημάτων] θανάτου ζημίαι π. Th.3.45
.II lie before, lie in front of, c. gen., projecting further than,Hdt.
2.12, cf. 4.99; ᾗ (ᾧ codd.) προὔκειτο μαστῶν περονίς where was set a brooch before her breasts, S.Tr. 925;πρὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων π. τὰ παραφράγματα Pl.R. 514b
;Ἐφέσου τεὰ τόξα πρόκειται Call.Dian. 258
;οἱ προκείμενοι τῶν στοῶν πύργοι Plb.1.48.2
: abs., of a cape, island, etc.,ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ π. χωρίον X.An.6.4.3
;τὰ προκείμενα τῆς χώρας ὄρη Id.Mem. 3.5.27
;παρὰ ἤπειρον νῆσος π. Id.Ath.2.13
, etc.III precede, γράμμα π. an initial letter, AP11.426; ἐν τοῖς π. in the preceding pages, A.D.Synt. 138.4; ὡς πρόκειται ib.32.17, freq. in Pap., POxy.271.15 (i A. D.), etc.; προκείμενον a preceding word, A.D.Pron.39.25, al.; χρόνος ὁ προκείμενος date as above, PTeb.397.34 (ii A. D.); τοῦ π. ἔτους in the aforesaid year, PAmh.50.11 (ii B.C.);ἡ π. βοτάνη
above-mentioned,PMag.Par.
1.779, cf. Gal.12.455 (but οἱ π. θεοί represented on this monument, OGI663.2 (Egypt, i A. D.)).2 τὸ π. αὐτοῦ μόριον from which it is derived (ὥς from ὅς), A.D.Adv.171.8.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόκειμαι
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7 πρόκειμαι
πρόκειμαι (Hom.+; prim. ‘be set before one’) defective dep.① to be open to public view, be exposed (of corpses lying in state Aeschyl., Sept. 965 al.) of Sodom and Gomorrah πρόκεινται δεῖγμα they are exhibited as an example Jd 7 (cp. Jos., Bell. 6, 103 καλὸν ὑπόδειγμα πρόκειται).② to be present before one, lie before, be present (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 3, 51) ἡ προθυμία πρόκειται willingness is present 2 Cor 8:12 (w. ἐπιτελεῖν [s. vs. 11], cp. SIG 671 B5 of royal goodwill). ἀντὶ τῆς προκειμένης αὐτῷ χαρᾶς instead of (ἀντί 1) the joy that was set before him, i.e. instead of the joy that was within his grasp he endured the cross Hb 12:2 (ERiggenbach; JNisius, Zur Erklärung v. Hb 12:2: BZ 14, 1917, 44–61); s. also 3 below. ἡ προκειμένη ἐλπίς the hope that is set before 6:18 (cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 14 εὐδαιμονία πρόκειταί τινι παρὰ θεοῦ). πρόκειται it lies before (us), i.e. that is the question at issue (Diod S 8, 11, 4; Περὶ ὕψους 2, 3; 16, 1; Just., A II, 9, 5 τὸ προκείμενον=the subject under discussion) IPhld 8:2. οὐ γὰρ μικρὸς ἀγὼν πρόκειται περὶ σοῦ there is no small dispute concerning you GJs 20:11 (codd.; for the wording s. Hb 12:1 below).③ to be subsequent to some point of time as prospect, of a goal or destination, w. dat. of pers. lie or be set before someone (Ael. Aristid. 31, 2 K.=11 p. 127 D.: μητρὶ πένθος πρόκειται; Ath. 18, 1 οὐ … προκείμενον μοι ἐλέγχειν τὰ εἴδωλα) ὁ προκείμενος ἡμῖν σκοπός the goal that is set before us 1 Cl 63:1 (s. σκοπός). ὁ προκείμενος ἡμῖν ἀγών (s. ἀγών 1) Hb 12:1. Without a dat. (Diod S 4, 42, 7) IMg 5:1. τὸ προκείμενον ζῆν the life that is set before (you) IEph 17:1.—Also be in prospect (Jos., Ant. 1, 14; 8, 208.—Diod S 15, 60, 1 [a prize] and Περὶ ὕψους p. 66, 20 V. of wages that have been allowed; Tat. 23, 1): so perh. (s. 2) Hb 12:2: for (ἀντί 1 and 3) the joy that was in prospect for him (so Windisch2, Strathmann; cp. Moffatt; NRSV).—M-M. TW. -
8 γυμνόω
A strip naked, τὰ ὀστέα τῶν κρεῶν γ. strip the bones of their flesh, Hdt.4.61;σῶμα γυμνώσαντες εὖ S.Ant. 410
:—Hom. only [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., strip oneself or be stripped naked,αἰδέομαι γὰρ γυμνοῦσθαι Od.6.222
; mostly of warriors, to be exposed,ὅτεῳ στρεφθέντι μετάφρενα γυμνωθείη Il.12.428
; , cf. Od.10.341, Call.lamb.1.219; τεῖχος ἐγυμνώθη the wall was left bare, i.e. defenceless, Il.12.399: c. gen., γυμνώθη ῥακέων he stripped himself of his rags, Od.22.1; later γυμνωθὲν ξίφος, δόρυ, Hdt.3.64, A.Th. 624: metaph., to be stripped or deprived of a thing, Pl.R. 601b;ἀφορμῆς Antipho Soph.14
.2 metaph., lay bare,φύσιν τῷ λόγῳ Ph.1.118
:—[voice] Pass., Dam.Pr. 400. -
9 σπίζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: of birds `to squeak, to chirp' (Arat., Thphr.).Other forms: Also σπίνος m. `finch' (com., Thphr., Arat.) with σπιν-ίον, - ίδιον (com.); byforms: σπίνα ὁ σπίνος, σπινθία εἶδος ὀρνιθαρίων, σπίνοι; σπίγγον σπίνον; also πίγγαν νεόσσιον. Άμερίας, σπύγγας ὄρνις H.Derivatives: Beside it σπίζα f. `common chaffinch' (S. Fr. 431, Arist., Timo) with σπιζία τὰ ὄρνεα ἅπαντα H.; σπιζ-ίας m. `sparrow hawk' (Arist.), = εἶδος ἱέρακος H., - ίτης m. (Arist.), = εἶδος αἰγιθάλου ὀρνέου H. (Redard 84); ὀρό-σπιζος m. `brambling' (Arist.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur.Etymology: With σπίζω cf. τρίζω a. o., to which σπίζα. The form σπίνος has perh. assimilated itself to the adj. σπινός `meager', as Swed. spink as birdname cannot be separated from spink(e) `meager man', spink `scrap'. The other forms including σπίζω, σπίζα can, with the exception of πίγγαν, be derived from a common σπιγγ-, so that they differ only through the anlaut. σ- from the Germanic name of the finch, OHG fincho, OE finc, PGm. *fink(i̯)an-, * finki-. (Here may be adduced with aspiration Skt phiṅgaka- m. `the strangler with forked tail' (Germ.: der gabelschwänziger Würger) (Lex.)). Original sonnection is therefore possible; on the other hand these words were clearly exposed so several associations and following transformations, so that a phonetical and undisturbed genealogy becomes impossible. For Greek one was reminded except of σπινός also of σπιγνόν μικρόν, βραχύ and σπίκανον σπάνιον; s. Persson Beitr. 1, 402 f. (also 1, 266 n. 3) with extensive treatment of the Germanic words and rather quick rejection of a rather obvious onomatop. origin. Details w. lit. in WP. 2, 682 (Pok. 999). - The connection with Germanic may go back to a European substratum word, or a `Wanderwort'; there are no indications for a Pre-Greek word. The variations can in no way be understood.Page in Frisk: 2,766-767Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπίζω
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10 παραβολεύομαι
παραβολεύομαι (Sb 7562 [II A.D.];=the pass. use of παραβάλλω Thu. et al.) 1 aor. παρεβολευσάμην expose to danger, risk (IPontEux I2, 39, 26–28 [=IGR I/II, 856] ἀλλὰ καὶ [μέχρι] περάτων γῆς ἐμαρτυρήθη τοὺς ὑπὲρ φιλίας κινδύνους μέχρι Σεβαστῶν συμμαχίᾳ παραβολευσάμενος=‘but also to the ends of the earth witness was borne to him that in the interests of friendship he exposed himself to dangers by his aid in [legal] strife, [taking his clients’ cases] even up to the emperors’. Dssm., LO 69 [LAE 84]) τινί someth. (on the dat. s. Mlt. 64 and cp. παραβάλλεσθαι τοῖς ὅλοις ‘risk everything’ Polyb. 2, 26, 3; 3, 94, 4) τῇ ψυχῇ one’s life (cp. Diod S 3, 36, 4 ταῖς ψυχαῖς παραβάλλεσθαι; SIG 762, 39 ψυχῇ καὶ σώματι παραβαλλόμενος) Phil 2:30.—DELG s.v. βάλλω. M-M.Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > παραβολεύομαι
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11 φανερός
φανερός, ά, όν (φαίνομαι; Pind., Hdt.+; ins, pap, LXX; En 9:5; TestSol; TestAsh 2:3; ParJer 6:25; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Ar., Just., Tat.)① adj. pert. to being evident so as to be readily known, visible, clear, plainly to be seen, open, plain, evident, known τὰ φανερὰ ἕργα (opp. κρύφια) 2 Cl 16:3. Used w. εἶναι (Diod, S. 18, 55, 2 φανεροῦ ὄντος ὅτι=since it was clear that) οἱ καρποὶ φανεροὶ ἔσονται Hs 4:3; cp. 4:4. φ. ἔσονται οἱ δουλεύοντες τῷ θεῷ 4:2. φανερόν (-ά) ἐστιν Ro 1:19 (ἐν αὐτοῖς; s. ἐν 8); Gal 5:19; 1J 3:10 (ἐν τούτῳ by this); Hm 11:10; other passages w. dat. of pers. (TestSol 13:2 C) 1 Ti 4:15; B 8:7 (opp. σκοτεινά). Without a copula, which is to be supplied: w. ὅτι (X., Mem. 3, 9, 2; Teles p. 12, 4; 7; TestAsh 2:3; Iren., 1, 4, 4 [Harv. I, 37, 8]) πᾶσιν φανερόν Ac 4:16 (D has the copula and at the same time the comp.: φανερώτερόν ἐστιν it is quite well known). φανερὸν τὸ δένδρον ἀπὸ τοῦ καρποῦ αὐτοῦ the tree is known by its fruit (cp. Mt 12:33) IEph 14:2 (Vi. Aesopi G, 3 P. φανερὸς ἀπὸ τῆς ὄψεως=clearly recognizable by its appearance).—Used w. γίνεσθαι (BGU 1141, 41 [14 B.C.]; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 46 §187 τοῦ κακοῦ φανεροῦ γενομένου; 1 Macc 15:9; 2 Macc 1:33; ParJer 6:25; Jos., Ant. 2, 270; 6, 238; Just., A 1, 63, 6) φανερὸν ἐγένετο τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Mk 6:14. Cp. Lk 8:17a (opp. κρυπτόν); 1 Cor 3:13; 11:19; 14:25; Hs 9, 12, 3; w. dat. of pers. added (Ael. Aristid. 29, 24 K.=40 p. 758 D.: φανεροὶ πᾶσι γίγνεσθαι; Just., A I, 23, 1) Ac 7:13. ὥστε τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς γενέσθαι ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ πραιτωρίῳ καὶ τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν Phil 1:13.—Used w. ποιεῖν (Hyperid. 4, 1; Menand., Epitr. 495 S. [319 Kö.]; IBM III, 482 A, 13f; POxy 928, 7; PTebt 333, 12; 2 Macc 12:41; Just., A II, 15, 2; Theoph. Ant. 2, 3 [p. 94, 13]) make (τι someth.) known (Jos., Ant. 12, 189; 204) 1 Cl 21:7; GJs 5:1. τινά make someone known as what he really is, reveal the identity of someone (Jos., Ant. 3, 73; Just., D. 8, 4) Mt 12:16; Mk 3:12.② subst. τὸ φανερόν that which is exposed to general view or knowledge, (in) the open, public notice (Hyperid. 1, 13, 11 εἰς τὸ φ. φέρειν [cp. Just. A I, 15, 3 εἰς φανερὸν … φέρειν]; Polyb. 2, 46, 1; Just. A I, 17, 4 εἰς φανερὸν τιθέντων), εἰς φανερὸν ἐλθεῖν come to light Mk 4:22; Lk 8:17b (a proverb? Constant. Manasse 7, 34f H.: ἐστὶ σκότιον οὐδὲν ὅπερ εἰς φῶς οὐχ ἥκει, οὐκ ἔστι κρύφιον οὐδὲν ὸ̔ μὴ πρὸς γνῶσιν φθάνει ‘there is nothing in the dark that does not come into the light, and nothing hidden that does not become known’. εἰς φ. ἐλέγχειν Hippol., Ref. 8, 20, 4). ἐν τῷ φανερῷ (opp. ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ as Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 13, 12 p. 460 Jac.) Mt 6:4 v.l., 6 v.l., 18 v.l. (cp. Aeneas Tact. 426; Jos., Ant. 4, 34); preceded by an art. and used as an adj. ὁ ἐν τῷ φανερῷ Ἰουδαῖος the Judean who is one outwardly by reason of being circumcised Ro 2:28a; cp. b.—B. 1233. DELG s.v. φαίνω B. Schmidt, Syn. III 418–34. Cp. δῆλος. M-M. TW. -
12 ὅλος
ὅλος, η, ον(Pind.+ [Hom. and Hes. have the Ion. οὖλος]) in the NT never in attributive position, mostly predicate (W-S. §20, 12a; B-D-F §275, 2; 4; Rob. 774, cp. 656)① pert. to being complete in extent, whole, entire, completeⓐ used w. a noun that has no art., somet. preceding it, somet. coming after it: ὅλ. οἴκους whole families Tit 1:11. ὅλ. ἄνθρωπον ὑγιῆ ἐποίησα I have healed a man’s whole body J 7:23.—ἐνιαυτὸν ὅλ. for a whole year Ac 11:26. διετίαν ὅλ. for two full years 28:30.—διʼ ὅλης νυκτός the whole night through Lk 5:5; J 21:6 v.l. (Appian, Liby. 134 §636; Lucian, Ver. Hist. 1, 29; Just., D. 1, 4.—SIG 1171, 6 διʼ ὅλης ἡμέρας; cp. Jos., Ant. 6, 37, Vi. 15 διʼ ὅλης τῆς νυκτός; InsPriene 112, 98 διὰ τοῦ χειμῶνος ὅλου). Likew. w. names of cities without the art. ὅλη Ἰερουσαλήμ all Jerusalem Ac 21:31.ⓑ used w. a noun that has the art.α. coming before the noun: ὅλ. ἡ περίχωρος ἐκείνη Mt 14:35; cp. GJs 8:3; AcPl Ha 8, 30. ὅλ. ἡ χώρα ἐκείνη Mk 6:55. ὅλ. ἡ πόλις 1:33. ὅλ. τὸ σῶμά σου Mt 5:29f; 6:22f. ὅλ. ὁ βίος Lk 8:43. [ἐφʼ] ὅλον τὸν οἶκον Ac 7:10. ὅλ. τὴν ἡμέραν the whole day (through) (Jos., Ant. 6, 22) Mt 20:6; Ro 8:36 (Ps 43:23); 10:21 (Is 65:2). ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος ἡμῶν with all our strength 1 Cl 33:8. εἰς ὅλην τὴν Γαλιλαίαν Mk 1:39; εἰς ὅλον τὸν κόσμον Hs 9, 25, 2 (ὅλ. ὁ κόσμος: Wsd 11:22; Aristobulus in Eus., PE 13, 12, 9 [Denis 224, 4; Holladay 176, 5]; EpArist 210; ApcEsdr 1:11 p. 25, 4 Tdf.). ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν καταγγέλλεται ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ Ro 1:8 (on the hyperbole cp. PLond 891, 9 ἡ εὐφημία σου περιεκύκλωσεν τὸν κόσμον ὅλον). ὅλον τὸ πλῆθος AcPl Ha 4, 20.β. after the noun ὁ κόσμος ὅλ. Mt 16:26; Lk 9:25; 1J 5:19; AcPl Ha 3, 7 (TestJob 33:4; Just., D. 127, 2). τὸ συνέδριον ὅλ. Mt 26:59; τὸ σῶμά σου ὅλ. Lk 11:36a; ἡ οἰκία αὐτοῦ ὅλ. J 4:53; ἡ πόλις ὅλ. Ac 21:30; ἡ οἰκουμένη ὅλ. Rv 3:10.γ. The noun can also be supplied fr. the context ἕως οὗ ἐζυμώθη ὅλον (i.e. τὸ ἄλευρον) until (the) whole (batch of flour) was leavened Mt 13:33; Lk 13:21. ἔσται φωτεινὸν ὅλον (i.e. τὸ σῶμά σου) Lk 11:36b.—Sim. the subst. ptc. ἔστιν καθαρὸς ὅλος (ὁ λελουμένος) (the one who has bathed) is clean all over J 13:10.② pert. to a degree of completeness, wholly, completely, w. a pron. σὺ ὅλος you altogether, wholly J 9:34. τοῦτο ὅλον all this Mt 1:22; 21:4 v.l.; 26:56. ὅλον ἑαυτὸν ἐπιδείξας exposed himself completely (to the lion) AcPl Ha 4, 29.—W. a prep. διʼ ὅλου throughout, through and through (Philo Mech. 60, 25; POxy 53, 10; 1277, 8; PGM 5, 154) J 19:23 (cp. New Docs 3, 63, no. 26).③ everything that exists, everything, subst. neut. pl. (3 Macc 6:9; EpArist 201; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 27 [Stone p. 54]; ApcMos, Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat., Ath.) [ὁ τῶν ὅλ]ων δεσπότης Ox 1081, 36 (as TestAbr A, s. above; ApcMos 37; Jos., Ant. 1, 72; Tat. 5, 1; cp. Just., D. 140, 4). ὁ θεὸς ὁ τῶν ὅλων ὁ παντοκράτωρ AcPlCor 2:9. ὁ … δεσπότης καὶ δημιουργὸς τῶν ὅλων Dg 8:7.—Cp. πᾶς, s. Schmidt, Syn. IV 549. B. 919. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.
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